A dual responsive probe based on bromo substituted salicylhydrazone moiety for the colorimetric detection of Cd2+ ions and fluorometric detection of F‒ ions: Applications in live cell imaging

Authors

• Krishnaveni Karuppiah
• Iniya Murugan
• Murugesan Sepperumal
• Siva Ayyanar Supramolecular and Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625021, Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

A new fluorimetric and colorimetric dual-mode probe, 4-bromo-2-(hydrazonomethyl) phenol (BHP) has been synthesized and successfully utilized for the recognition of Cd²⁺/F^‒ ions in DMSO/H₂O (9:1, v/v) system. The probe displays dual channel of detection via fluorescence enhancement and colorimetric changes upon binding with F^‒ and Cd²⁺ ions respectively. The Job’s plot analysis, ESI-MS studies, Density Functional Theoretical (DFT) calculations, ¹H NMR and ¹⁹F NMR titration results were confirmed and highly supported the 1:1 binding stoichiometry of the probe was complexed with Cd²⁺/F^‒ ions. Furthermore, intracellular detection of F^‒ ions in HeLa cells and fluorescence imaging analysis in Zebrafish embryos results of the probe BHP might be used to reveal their potential applications in a biological living system.